Quelques remarques sur les particularités du lexique français au Sénégal

Jan Holeš

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):1-8 | DOI: 10.5507/ro.2011.001  

After an introductory note on Senegal and its linguistic situation, the contribution presents different types of particularities of the French language used in Senegal, comprising, among others, words loaned from local languages, neologisms formed by derivation, composition and semantic modifications. The remaining part of the article contains some exemples of the above-mentioned particularities, accompanied with photographs and exemples excerpted directly from the Senegalese press.

Matched-guise: la técnica de pares ocultos

Liana Hotařová

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):9-14 | DOI: 10.5507/ro.2011.002  

Matched-guise is an indirect sociolinguistic method to study language attitudes of speakers towards languages they use in their communication. In Spain it has been applied several times, especially in the Valencian community with very convincing results. Some critics point out a number of constraints and difficulties that this method presents but on the other hand, it also enables to obtain valuable data regarding communication habits.

Emprunts lexicaux à l'allemand dans le français

Zuzana Navrátilová

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):15-22 | DOI: 10.5507/ro.2011.003  

The paper deals with German loan-words in French; its aim is to study relative frequency in the written language and to show to what degree they are known and used by contemporary native speakers. The base of the research is the monolingual and etymologic dictionary Trésor de la langue française, from which a corpus of lexemes determinated to further analysis was isolated. It was quite problematic to determine the criteria for drawing up the corpus and to define the term German loan-word. The frequency of the chosen lexemes is hereafter studied in publicistic texts. The final stage of the work is focused on a research on knowledge and usage (by contemporary...

Le français du droit commercial en confrontation avec le tchèque

Janka Priesolová

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):23-30 | DOI: 10.5507/ro.2011.004  

The article investigates a contrastive analysis of professional French and Czech in the framework of IGA project at the University of Economics in Prague, called European Terminology in Economics and Law. After a general lexicological and stylistic characterisation of French used in business law, the stress is put on contrastive analysis of French and Czech business law in the field of law and liguistics with the emphasis on the fact that a reformulation and transfer of a particular content between different linguistic codes requires not only good language and linguistic competence, but also an adequate additional professional competence. Further,...

Ética y metodología de las investigaciones sociolingüísticas en las comunidades vulnerables

Miroslav Valeš

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):31-37 | DOI: 10.5507/ro.2011.005  

Standard ethical procedures, based on the informed consent, may result hardly applicable in vulnerable communities. In the same way the methodology of research encounters specific problems in these communities. Based on a personal experience gained during the research of Lakhota language revitalization in South Dakota and Shuar language in Ecuador, this paper intends to draw attention to some methodological problems and to the relativity of ethical criteria. Respectful treatment of participants in the research should be the primary preoccupation of any sociolinguist. For this reason, one of the main objectives of this paper is to propose some general...

O vinho no Brasil e sua presença na literatura

Zuzana Burianová

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):39-49 | DOI: 10.5507/ro.2011.006  

After a short outline of the history of viticulture in Brazil, the article moves on to the topic of wine in Brazilian literature. It focuses on a particular book dedicated exlusively to this subject: the collection of texts entitled Histórias de Vinho, published in 1980 as a special edition on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the wine company Vinícola Rio Grandense. Through a thematic analysis of the texts in poetry and prose written by twenty-one authors, mostly from Rio Grande do Sul, the article draws attention to the rich variety of the ways this specific topic, generally not very frequent in literature, can be examined in texts that differ...

La naissance de l'écriture chez Robert Pinget et chez ses << écrivains >> : les générateurs de texte

Czesław Grzesiak

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):51-57 | DOI: 10.5507/ro.2011.007  

The article seeks to analyse the role and functioning of text generators in the birth and development of writing in the works of Robert Pinget and his fictional writers. There are two types of generators: the initial generator gives rise to a story, while numerous internal generators develop it. A new writer does not gather any preliminary documents or draw up a plan of what he is going to write about. He lets his pen guide him and in this way he experiences an adventure, arrives at a discovery.

Le vertige du vide. La fiction minimaliste de Jean Echenoz

Anna Maziarczyk

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):59-65 | DOI: 10.5507/ro.2011.008  

Associated with minimalist art due to its stylistic circumspection and impassivity, minimalist writing simultaneously returns to and modifies traditional storytelling techniques. Inspired by everyday, banal reality, Jean Echenoz creates seductive fictions, which mix classic novelistic genres and engage in an intertextual game with the tradition via numerous allusions and quotations. His literary aesthetics relies on the contrast between the baroque plot, multiplying improbable adventures, and concise narration, exploiting blank space, discontinuity and arbitrariness, which destabilise logical continuity and undermine textual equilibrium. Subverting...

L'inferno sulla scena medioevale: i casi italiano e francese

Federica Natta

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):67-74 | DOI: 10.5507/ro.2011.009  

The paper aims to focus on the evolution of the infernal theme in Italian and French theatrical contexts in the period between the 14th and the 15th centuries. Specifically, we have examined three types of sources: drama, hymns and sacred late medieval iconography of hell.

La naissance de l'élite francophone tchèque (exemple de traducteurs tchèques Jaroslav Vrchlický, Hanuš Jelínek et leurs contemporains)

Zuzana Raková

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):75-82 | DOI: 10.5507/ro.2011.010  

Frankofile and francophone elite of the Czech society has played since the 19th century an important role in mediating the Czech-French relationships. On the example of two importants translators, Jaroslav Vrchlický and Hanuš Jelínek and their contemporaries, the paper follows the birth of Czech French-speaking cultural and political elite from the 70s of the 19th century to 1918.

Méthodologie : l'entretien ethnographique au service de l'étude des civilisations pour une analyse comparée des cultures française et slovaque

François Schmitt

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):83-90 | DOI: 10.5507/ro.2011.011  

Ethnography can be useful to get a deeper knowledge of foreign civilizations. Ethnography enables the research worker to outgrow cultural stereotypes through the study of cultural representations. This is what is intended through a project of survey research: to ask questions to French and Slovak people about their views on the French culture and the Slovak culture. During this survey, the method of the non-directive interview will be used. The contribution is an introduction to the project and aims to present the methodology of the non-directive interview.

Real Academia Española - Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española, Nueva gramática de la lengua española

Francisco Jiménez Calderón

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):91-94  

Lenka Zajícová, Český jazyk v Paraguayi, Studie o jazykovém kontaktu a zániku

Jiří Černý

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):94-95  

Un nuevo manual de literatura española: Krč, Eduard – Zbudilová, Zbudilová, Literatura Española II (Siglos XIX y XX)

Eduard Krč, Helena Zbudilová

Romanica Olomucensia 2011, 23(1):97